How disruptive mood dysregulation disorder changes with age

Temper tantrums are a natural part of growing up. But when they’re extremely intense and happen almost daily, they could be a sign of a mood disorder like disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). 

DMDD is a childhood mental health condition characterized by ongoing irritability, anger, and frequent temper outbursts that last well beyond the toddler years.

While primarily seen as a childhood disorder, researchers are still exploring whether DMDD might last into adulthood and how the symptoms could evolve.

Some research indicates children with DMDD may face an increased risk of developing depression or anxiety as adults. Early intervention and treatment of DMDD can help manage these symptoms and reduce the likelihood of children developing mood and anxiety disorders when they’re older.

Can children outgrow DMDD?

While DMDD may not carry on into adulthood, its effects can contribute to the development of other mental health challenges. Symptoms of DMDD often lessen with age, but as a child or teen may experience fewer tantrums, they might start showing signs of depression and anxiety. 

Since DMDD is a relatively new diagnosis, some adults may have unknowingly struggled with it as children. If you recognize a pattern of past tantrums, irritability, and anger that might suggest undiagnosed DMDD, consider discussing it with your therapist. They can help you explore the roots of your mood disorder, build self-compassion, and guide your treatment.

The symptoms of DMDD include:

• Severe temper outbursts at least three times a week
• Sad, irritable, or angry mood almost every day
• Disproportionate reactions to situations
• Trouble functioning in more than one place (home, school, or with friends)

For a child to receive a DMDD diagnosis, they must be at least six years old and have shown symptoms before the age of 10. Also, symptoms must be present for at least a year. 

Sometimes, children and teens see their DMDD symptoms fade over time. But without proper treatment, DMDD doesn’t just go away. If you suspect you had DMDD as a child or your child is showing symptoms of this condition, know that treatment is available. 

What can DMDD turn into later on?

Research on the long-term outcomes of children diagnosed with DMDD is still emerging. Yet several studies have suggested that children with DMDD are at a higher risk of developing mood and anxiety disorders in adulthood. 

Some of the mental health conditions that may develop in adults who had DMDD as children include:

• Major depressive disorder (MDD): Also known as clinical depression, MDD is a mood disorder characterized by a persistent sad and hopeless mood and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities lasting for two weeks or more. 
• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD): GAD is characterized by intense, uncontrolled anxiety that interrupts your ability to function in daily life. 
• Social anxiety disorder: Social anxiety disorder is defined by an intense fear of judgment or rejection from others. To cope, many people avoid social situations and isolate, which can lead to loneliness. 
• Conduct disorder (CD): CD involves more severe behavioral problems, such as aggression toward people or animals, destruction of property, and serious violations of rules. 
• Persistent irritability: For some adults, the symptoms of DMDD can evolve into persistent irritability or problems with anger as adults. 

Addressing DMDD symptoms early can help children learn how to manage their emotions, regulate their moods, and prevent DMDD from evolving into other mental health conditions. 

Professional support for your DMDD journey

For people with a history of DMDD, developing coping skills, engaging in therapy, and creating a strong support network can significantly improve quality of life.

Treatment for DMDD typically involves talk therapy and, in some cases, medication. Having a comprehensive treatment plan is key in helping to reduce the severity of DMDD symptoms and lowering the risk of developing other conditions. You can work with a qualified mental health provider to determine the best treatment approach for your life and circumstances. 

Types of therapy that may be particularly helpful for DMDD, depression, and anxiety include: 

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): This type of talk therapy can help you navigate and reframe difficult feelings and develop healthy coping mechanisms. 
• Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT): Widely used to treat anxiety and depression, DBT emphasizes emotional regulation and interpersonal skills.
• Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT): This type of therapy helps you accept difficult emotions or thoughts rather than avoiding them.

Additionally, lifestyle changes and coping skills can help you regulate your emotions and find balance in your day-to-day life. These may include: 

• Breathing techniques: Practicing deep-breathing exercises can help reduce stress and anger. For example, taking slow, deep breaths in through your nose and out through your mouth can calm your nervous system and help you regain control during moments of frustration.
• A healthy sleep schedule: Getting consistent sleep is essential for managing your emotions. Not getting enough sleep can lead to emotional dysregulation and increased irritability. 
• Regular exercise: Moving your body daily can help reduce stress, improve mood, and boost mental health. Even a walk around the block can make a difference in your mood and outlook. 
• A nutritious diet: Focus on a balanced diet with nutrients that support the brain, stabilize mood, and keep energy steady. This can include complex carbs, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Limit processed sugars and caffeine while staying hydrated.

Find care with Rula

If you’re the parent of a child with DMDD or you suspect you had DMDD as a child, talking with a mental health professional can help. A therapist trained in DMDD can show you how to develop coping skills, build self-awareness, and create habits that support your well-being.

With Rula, you can connect with our network of over 10,000 therapists to find a provider with experience treating DMDD. With just a few clicks, you can meet with a therapist via live video as soon as tomorrow. 

Find a therapist with Rula